|
………….. |
|
.. |
At present, GPR is used mainly to detect the depth of utility features from the surface with respect to the known planimetric position. Moreover, GPR is not fully utilized in reporting the status of the utility features conditions, such as understanding the anomalies that caused by age and weathering in surrounding medium and these often lead to defeat of utility features. As such, the position and the status of the utility features are very essential for sound utility maintenance and management, and in long term provide effective time-saving and critically importance for development process in metropolitan areas. The complete information about the buried utility features is very important for excavation purposes as it can reduce and minimize the problem due to mislocation of buried utility features which costs about USD 13.0 billion in Malaysia and USD 2.45 billion in UK for the utility maintenance fee. With this regards, this study is therefore being conducted in order to reconstruct the backscatter of the GPR for subsurface utility features relating to the physical properties of the objects and its surround medium. Through the retrieval of the reliable information for subsurface utility features from this study, it can reduce the problem of mislocation of desired utility features and can minimize the probability of putting the population at risks. |